Calcium is a chemical element andessential mineral that plays severalcrucial roles in the human body, oneof which is the formation of healthybone tissue. Researchers haveshown that when a diet is deficient incalcium, the body directs calcium toother primary cell functions, leavingbones to become weak and brittle.Calcium supplements, however, canprevent bone density loss by up to1.2% and reduce the risk of fracutreby more than 10% in elderlyindividuals, as shown in a 2012 study.

Magnesium is the fourth mostabundant mineral in the human body,with over 60% of the element found
in the bones. Researchers haveshown that magnesium's influenceon bone health is far reaching, fromits influence on the bone
regeneration cycle throughparathyroid hormone and vitamin Dto its stabilization of calcium levelsby returning the mineral to the bones.In a study of magnesium
supplementation over a 12 monthperiod, bone mineral content in thehip increased significantly versus placebo.

A trace element found naturally ingreen, leafy vegetables, boron is amineral which helps your bodymetabolize essential vitamins andminerals, making it a key componentof bone health. Research has shownthat boron increases the length oftime that Vitamin D3 and calciumwork in your body, allowing foroptimal bone density levels. In 2017,a clinical study also found evidenceof boron's direct influence on bonedensity levels and bone microstructure.

Vitamin D3, or cholecalciferol, isnaturally produced by the body whenyour skin is exposed to UVB raysfrom sunlight but can also beabsorbed through the digestive tract from food or as a dietarysupplement. One of the primary rolesof this compound is to increaseuptake of calcium in the intestines,providing your body with optimallevels of this key mineral for healthybones. In one clinical study from2016, a combination therapy ofcalcium and vitamin D3 reduced totalfractures by 15% and hip fractures by
30%.

A common natural compound inmany fermented foods, Vitamin K2 israrely found in the Western diet.However, it plays an essential role inoptimal bone health by regulatingcalcium deposits in the body, shiftingthem away from the blood vesselsand kidneys and into the bones forfortification. In addition, a clinicalstudy from 2017 found that VitaminK2 works synergistically with VitaminD3 to strengthen bones.